E ʻUʻuku Ana Ka Nui O Nā Kāne Kanaka Maoli E Hele Kulanui. E Nui Ana Nō Paha Ka Hopena No Kekahi Mau Hanauna Aʻe
ʻO nā makepono o ke kēkelē kulanui, ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka uku hana ʻia a pēlā wale aku. Akā, e nui aʻe ana kahi helu o nā kāne e loaʻa ʻole ai ua mau makepono nei iā lākou ma Ჹɲʻ.
Kā ka luna hoʻoponopono nota: Unuhi ʻia na Ākea Kahikina.here to read this article in English.
ʻAʻole i ʻike mua ʻo Miki Cook i ke kulanui ma ke ʻano he alahele nona ma kona wā e nui aʻe ana ma Hāna. ʻAʻohe kēkelē kulanui a kona mau mākua, a ʻaʻole nui ka pilina moʻomeheu i ka hele kulanui ʻana ma o kona mau hoa a me nā kumu.
Akā naʻe, i kona komo ʻana i kahi papa kālai ma ke Kulanui Kaiāulu o Koʻolau, a he 30 ona makahiki a ʻoi, ua ʻike leʻa ʻo Cook i kahi wahi nona e kū ai ma ka ʻimi noiʻi ʻana. Ua lawe maila ke kālai ʻana i nā nīnau e pili ana i ka ʻōlelo Ჹɲʻ. A laila, hoʻokahi papa ʻōlelo Ჹɲʻ. A laila, hoʻokahi papa hou aku. ʻAkahi nō ʻo ia i aʻo ʻia e nā kumu he hapanui kāne Kanaka Maoli.
ʻĀnō, ke ʻimi aku nei ʻo Cook i kēkelē laeʻula ma ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana ma ke Kulanui o Ჹɲʻ ma Mānoa, a ke aʻo pū aku nei ʻo ia i nā haumāna kula kiʻekiʻe e komo ana i , ʻo ia kahi hana paha e hoʻoponopono ana i kahi hihia maoli ma Ჹɲʻ, ʻo ia ka helu e emi ana o nā kāne Kanaka Maoli e komo ana i ko ka mokuʻāina ʻōnaehana kulanui.
“ʻIke wau ma ke ʻano he kumu kāne, he kuleana nui koʻu i kaʻu mau haumāna,” wahi a Cook.
Ua emi ke komo papa ʻana he 20% ma ka mokuʻāina ma o kēlā kekeke aku nei, akā ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka emi ʻana no nā kāne Kanaka Maoli, ua emi ihola ka nui o nā kāne he 30% mai kēlā kekeke aku nei i kēlā kau kupulau aku nei.
Aia ka hoʻololi nui ma ka pae kulanui kaiāulu. Ma ke kau kupulau ma ka makahiki 2012, he 3,274 kāne Kanaka Maoli i komo i ko ka mokuʻāina mau kula kaiāulu ʻehiku. Ma kēlā kau kupulau aku nei i loaʻa ai nā kāne he 1,973 — ʻo ia ke emi he 40%.
He hihia kēia, ʻaʻole pili wale nō i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā makepono hoʻokele waiwai o ke kēkelē kulanui, he wahi koʻikoʻi nō paha ke kulanui no ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo Ჹɲʻ a me ka moʻomeheu, wahi a , he kumu ‘ōlelo Ჹɲʻ ʻo ia ma ke Kulanui Kaiāulu o Koʻolau.
“Inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻonaʻauao ʻia i ka moʻolelo, ka ‘ōlelo, a me ka moʻomeheu Ჹɲʻ, ʻo ka hele kulanui ka ʻoi o ke alahele e hoʻokō ʻia ai pēlā,” wahi a Faria.
Pehea e hoʻonaʻauao ʻia ai nā ʻōpio Ჹɲʻ inā hele ʻole lākou i ke kulanui? “He manaʻo hoʻoweliweli nui kēlā,” wahi āna. “He mea hoʻohopohopo nui nō ia.”
He Hoʻololi Ma O Ke Aupuni
Ke ʻike aku nei nā kulanui ma o ke aupuni i ka hoʻololi ʻia ʻana o ke ʻano haumāna i kēia mau kekeke i hala aku nei, ʻo ia nō ka nui o nā wāhine a me ka liʻilʻi o nā kāne ma ke kahua kula. Ma Ჹɲʻ naʻe, he hakahaka nui ko ʻoneʻi nei ma waena o nā keka no nā haumāna Kanaka Maoli ma waho o Honolulu.
ʻO ka nui o nā haumāna, ʻo nā kāne he 38% ma ka ʻōnaehana Kulanui o Ჹɲʻ. No nā Kānaka Maoli, he 33% ka nui — a he helu e paipai ʻia e ke komo nui ʻana o nā haumāna ma ke Kulanui o Ჹɲʻ ma Mānoa.
Pēlā pū me nā kula kaiāulu o Kona a me Koʻolau.
ʻO ka hapanui o no nā Kānaka Maoli ma kēia mau kekeke i halu aku nei, ua pili ia i ka helu o nā haumāna wahine e komo ana.
I loko nō o ka nui o nā papahana e hoʻonui i ka helu o nā haumāna kulanui Kanaka Maoli, ʻaʻole nui ka papahana e kālele ana i ka pono o nā kāne Kanaka Maoli ma ke kaiāulu ʻimi noiʻi.
ʻAno haiki ka noiʻi e pili ana i nā mea e pilikia ai nā kāne Kanaka Maoli ma ka hele kula ʻana.
Like kēia mau pilikia no nā kānaka ʻilikea ʻole ma o ke aupuni ma ka ʻimi ʻana i kēkelē kulanui, wahi a , he hope polopeka ma ka University of Southern California e noiʻi ana i ke ʻano a ke kulanui e kākoʻo pono aku ai i nā haumāna kāne.
“Aʻo ʻia nā kāne ʻilikea ʻole, mai noi i ke kākoʻo ʻia ʻana. E kūʻokoʻa. He mea ia e paʻa ai lākou,” wahi a Huerta, a ʻaʻole lākou e kākoʻo ʻia no ka hoʻokele pono ʻana i ka hele kula ʻana.
Wahi a ka ʻike o nā haumāna a me nā kumu Kanaka Maoli, ʻo ka nele ʻana i nā kumu kāne ʻole no nā haumāna kula aupuni he nui, ʻo ka hilinaʻi ʻole ʻana i nā keʻena aupuni a me ka hopohopo i ka loaʻa koke ʻana o ke kālā ma hope o ka hemo kula kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia nō paha nā ālaina e pilikia ai ke komo haumāna ʻana.
He mea nui nō paha nā hihia hoʻokele waiwai, ʻo ia kai ʻike ʻia ma nā hoʻololi ʻana i ka hele kulanui ma ka wā maʻi ahulau ʻo Covid-19. Ma o ke aupuni, ua emi mai ka nui o nā kāne e hele i nā kulanui he 19% ma nā kula ʻelua makahiki ma waena o nā makahiki 2019 a me 2021, wahi a Huerta. He pilikia nui kēlā, no ka mea, ʻo ke kula kaiāulu ka ʻīpuka nui no nā kāne e komo ai no ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻia ʻana.
“Ke walaʻau nei kākou e pili ana i hoʻokahi kāne no kēlā mē kēia kāne he ʻelima e haʻalele kula ana,” wahi a Huerta. “He minamina nō ia, no ka mea, hiki paha i kēlā ke lilo i mea hulihia no kekahi hoʻololi hanauna…Ua nalowale ka manawa e hoʻololi i kēlā ʻohana ma o nā ʻohana ʻelima ʻē aʻe a me ka hana ʻaleʻale e loaʻa ai kahi puka kulanui ma ka ʻohana.”
Pono Nā Alakaʻi Hou
Ua ʻike ʻo Loea Akiona i ka nele ʻana i nā kāne ʻole ma ke kula ma kona wā e hana ana me he limahana haumāna lā ma ke Kula Kaiāulu o Kona. Ua hoʻokomo ʻo ia i kona hopohopo i kāna noiʻi ma kāna palapala laeʻula ma ke Kulanui o Ჹɲʻ ma Mānoa i mau makahiki aku ma hope.
No Akiona, ʻo “Where Are the Brothers? Native Hawaiian Males and Higher Education” ka inoa o kāna palapala laeʻula, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i kālele i ke kumu o ka hele ʻole ʻana o nā kāne i ke kulanui, ua kālele ʻia nā mea e pili like ai nā kāne Kanaka Maoli ma ke kahua kula.
ʻŌlelo ʻo Akiona, wahi a kāna mau haumāna i nīnauele aku ai, ʻo kekahi mea i pili pū ai lākou, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaopopo ʻokoʻa ʻana i ke ʻano o ke kāne ʻana a me loaʻa ʻana o kahi makuakāne i hōʻike leʻa i nā mea e pā ai ka naʻau me ka mōakāka.
ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, wahi a Akiona, ʻo ia ka pono i nā polokalamu hoihoi i pili i ka moʻomeheu. A me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā alakaʻi ma ke kula.
“ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kumu a me nā limahana i kohu like me nā kānaka a mākou e hānai pū ʻia ai ma o ka hiʻohiʻona, ka ʻōlelo, a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana,” wahi a Akiona.
ʻO ke aʻo ʻia ʻana e kahi kāne polopeka ʻike Ჹɲʻ, ua hoʻololi nui ia iā Akiona ma ka lua o ke kau o kona wā e hele kulanui ana.
“Ua hōʻike maila ʻo ia i ka hiki ʻana. He polopeka ʻo ia. He kēkelē laeoʻo kāna, a ʻano like kona ʻano me koʻu mau hoa hānau a pau,” wahi a Akiona. “No laila, ua hiki iaʻu ke ʻike iaʻu iho e hana like ana pēlā, ʻo ia hoʻi ka lanakila ʻana.”
ʻŌlelo ʻo Faria ma ke Kulanui Kaiāulu o Koʻolau, makemake ʻo ia e ʻike i nā Kānaka Maoli he nui — ʻo nā kāne a me nā wāhine — e ʻimi naʻauao ma ke kulanui. Akā, ʻo kona hopohopo nui, ʻo ia ka nele i nā kumu kāne ʻole ma ke kula mai ka papa mālaaʻo a i ka papa ʻumikūmālua.
He Kanaka Maoli ke poʻo kumu o ko Cook kula kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻomanaʻo i ka nui ʻino o nā kumu kāne Kanaka Maoli ma ke kula. Hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ia i nā kāne Kanaka Maoli ma ke kula e hana ana ma ke ʻano he kahu mālama kula.
“He mau kumu like ʻole koʻu, he poʻe lawaiʻa, he poʻe hahai holoholona, a akamai loa kēia ʻano poʻe,” wahi a Cook. “Akā, ʻaʻole nō loaʻa iā lākou kahi kēkelē laeʻula a laeoʻo, a ʻaʻole nō paha i hiki iā lākou ke walaʻau mai e pili ana i ka ʻimi noiʻi.”
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā alakaʻi kāne ma nā papa ʻōpio, hiki i kēlā ke hoʻopili nui i nā hanauna hou o nā haumāna i ke kula, wahi a Faria.
“Manaʻo wau, ua hala ʻē nō ka Puʻulena no mākou ma mua loa aku,” wahi āna.
Kākoʻo ʻia kā Civil Beat kūkala nūhou hoʻonaʻauao ʻana e kahi haʻawina kālā na Chamberlin Family Philanthropy.
Ua kākoʻo ʻia kēia papahana e ka ʻOhana o Harry Nathaniel, Levani Lipton, ka ʻOhana Mar, a me Lisa Kleissner.
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About the Author
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Jessica Terrell is the projects editor for Civil Beat. You can reach her by email at jterrell@civilbeat.org