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I ko Jonathan Osorio hele ʻana i ke Kula ʻo Kamehameha ma nā makahiki 1960, ʻo kona ʻōlelo makuahine ʻo ka ʻōlelo Ჹɲʻ, ʻaʻole nō ia he māhele o ka papa haʻawina.
Ua lilo akula ʻo Ჹɲʻ i mokuʻāina i mau makahiki aku nei ma ka makahiki 1959, a ʻo ke Kula ʻo Kamehameha, i loko nō o kona kūlana he kīpuka ia i kēia au no ka ʻōlelo a me ka moʻomeheu Ჹɲʻ, ua komo ua kula nei i kahi kaʻakālai no kahi kenekulia e hoʻokemua i ko ka paeʻāina poʻe ʻōiwi i ka nohona ʻAmelika i ʻai ʻia e ka mana ʻilikea.
Ua liʻiliʻi loa ka hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻana o ka ʻōlelo Ჹɲʻ e ko Osorio mau hoa papa, wahi āna.
No Niʻihau nā kānaka i hoʻomaopopo maila, ʻo ia ko Ჹɲʻ “Mokupuni Kapu” ma haʻi o ܲʻ i pāpā i ke kipa kōlea ʻana, a ua hoʻomohola nā kamaʻāina i kā lākou ʻano ʻōlelo ponoʻī ma muli o ka noho kūʻokoʻa ʻana i ka hapanui o ka honua.
“Ma koʻu wā e noho kula ana, ʻaʻole i like ka hana ʻino ʻana me ko nā makahiki i hala akula,” wahi a Osorio, ʻo ia ka dini o ko ke Kulanui o Ჹɲʻ Kula ʻIke Ჹɲʻ ʻo Ჹɲʻnuiākea.
Eia kahi laʻana, ma nā makahiki 1930 i kīpaku ʻia ai kahi haumāna wahine no kona hula ʻana me ka noho ʻole. Ma ko Osorio hōʻea kula ʻana, ʻo ke koena kahi “uhi maka hoʻomeamea no ko mākou moʻomeheu a me ka Ჹɲʻ ʻana.”
“ʻO ka hana a ke Kula ʻo Kamehameha ma kēlā manawa, i kohu like me nā kula hānai ʻAmelika, ʻo ia ka hōʻupuʻupu ʻia ʻana o nā loina ʻilikea ʻAmelika i nā keiki,” wahi a Osorio. “ʻO ka mea i kuhi ʻia, inā hōʻike ʻoe i kou ʻano me he ʻAmelika lā ma o ka ʻōlelo Pelekane ʻana, ka ʻaelike ʻana i nā loina ʻAmelika a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka moʻolelo ʻAmelika, ua nui ka hōʻihi ʻia a me ka hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia o ke kanaka e ke kula.
“ʻO nā haumāna i ʻōlelo ma ka ʻōlelo paʻiʻai a me ka ʻōlelo Ჹɲʻ, a i ʻole ʻo nā haumāna i makemake ʻole i nā ū ma ko lākou mau aniani, ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia lākou.”
ʻO ke Kula ʻo Kamehameha kahi o nā kula ʻehiku ma Ჹɲʻ i kapa ʻia ma ka “,” he noiʻi hou na ka U.S. Interiror Department e kuhi kikoʻī i nā hana kūpono ʻole a ke aupuni pekelala ma o nā kula hānai ʻŌiwi ʻAmelika no ka naʻi ʻana i ko ke aupuni poʻe ʻōiwi a me ka ʻaihue ʻana i ko lākou mau ʻāina.
Ua kuhi pū ʻia nā kula Ჹɲʻ ʻē aʻe ma ka noiʻi, e laʻa ʻo Hilo Boarding School, ka Industrial and Reformatory School, ʻo Lāhainā Seminary, ʻo Mauna Loa Forestry Camp School a me Molokaʻi Forestry Camp School.
Ua hoʻolaha ke Kula ʻo Kamehameha i kahi ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka noiʻi penei, ke hoʻāʻo nei lākou e hoʻākāka i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ko lākou moʻolelo ponoʻī a e hōʻoi ana lākou i kā lākou mau hana. Akā, ʻaʻohe a lākou ʻōlelo e pili ana i nā mea maoli i holo akula ma nā kula hānai ponoʻī o lākou.
“Me ka paio ʻana i nā ʻōlelo kūʻēʻē a me nā pilikia ma loko o ko mākou moʻolelo kolonaio, hoʻomau mākou i ka lilo ʻana no ka lawelawe a me ka hāpai ʻana i ko kākou mau kaiāulu ma o ka hoʻonaʻauao i hoʻokahua ʻia i ka moʻomeheu Ჹɲʻ. ʻO ka mea koʻikoʻi ma ua lilo ʻana, ʻo ia nō ko kākou nānā pono ʻana i nā pilikia moʻolelo e maopopo leʻa ai ko kākou mau ʻoiaʻiʻo iā kākou iho, e komo i nā hana lapaʻau, a e hoʻoikaika i ko kākou mau kaiāulu,” wahi a ka ʻōlelo hoʻolaha.
Ua hoʻomaka ka Interior Department i kahi noiʻi i ko ke aupuni mau kula hānai ʻŌiwi ʻAmelika i kēlā makahiki aku nei ma hope o ka ʻimi ʻia ʻana o nā heana o ma nā kula ʻōiwi like ma Kanakā.
ʻO kēia noiʻi i hoʻolaha ʻia i kēlā pule aku nei, ʻo ia ka hehi mua o ka nīele ʻana i kahi wahi ʻinoʻino o ka moʻolelo ʻAmelika.
Ua aʻo mai ko ke keʻena noiʻi, ma waena o nā makahiki 1819 a 1969, ua mālama ke aupuni ʻAmelika i nā kula hānai he 400 a ʻoi ma o nā mokuʻāina he 37, e laʻa ʻo ʻĀlaka a me Ჹɲʻ, a ua pili ka make loa ʻana o nā keiki he 500 a ʻoi i 19 o ua mau kula nei.
I kēia manawa, ua ʻimi a kuhi ka Interior Department i nā ilina i māka a i māka ʻole ʻia e noho kokoke i 53 mau kula like ʻole.
“Ma ka hoʻomau ʻia ʻana aku o ka noiʻi, mahuʻi ke Keʻena i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka helu make,” wahi a ka noiʻi.
Kālele ka hapanui o ka noiʻi i ka nohona o nā ʻŌiwi ʻAmelika ma ka ʻāina haole i hahai ʻia me he “lāpaki ʻāhiu” lā me ka pepehi ʻia, ka hahau ʻia, ka hoʻomake pōloli ʻia o lākou me ka moku pū ʻia ʻana o ka piko moʻomeheu, e laʻa ke ʻano o ke komo lole a me ke ʻano hoʻonaninani lauoho a me ka pāpā ʻia ʻana o ko lākou ʻōlelo ʻōiwi.
Hoʻākāka ka noiʻi — ma o nā palapala ponoʻī o ke aupuni — aia nō kēia mau hana ma nā kulekele pekelala. Wahi a kahi ʻōlelo mai ka hōʻike Kenekoa ma ka makahiki 1969 no ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻŌiwi ʻAmelika:
“Ua hoʻomaka ʻia me Pelekikena Wakinekona, ʻo ke kulekele a ke Aupuni Pekelala i hōʻike ʻia, ʻo ia ka pani ʻia ʻana o ko ka ʻInikia moʻomeheu me ko mākou ponoʻī. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia he mea ‘makepono’ no ka hana ʻuʻuku a palekana e kāohi i nā ʻInikia, no ka loaʻa ʻana aku o kahi wahi noho palekana i ko ke aupuni mau kānaka ʻilikea, no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻāina i makeʻe ʻia i nā kānaka ʻilikea, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ko ka ʻInikia hoʻokele waiwai e ʻoluʻolu ai lākou me ka ʻāina i hoʻēmi ʻia. He mea kaua ka hoʻonaʻauao e hoʻokō ʻia ai kēia mau pahuhopu.”
Kuhi ka noiʻi i ko Ჹɲʻ moʻolelo kūikawā ponoʻī me ke aupuni ʻAmelika a me nā hoihoi ʻoihana i hoʻokahuli ʻia ai ke aupuni, a ʻo ka lilo akula nō ia o ka hapanui o ka ʻāina Kanaka Maoli. Kuhi pū ka noiʻi i nā hana a ka poʻe mikioneli i komo aku ai i ke kaiāulu ʻŌiwi i “paipai i ka hoʻomana Kalawina a i hōʻoia i nā hana hoʻonaʻauao ʻia.”
Penei i hoʻolaha aʻe ai ka American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions i kāna mau mikioneli ma nā makahiki 1800s:
“E hana ʻoe a paʻapū kēlā mau mokupuni i ke kahua momona, ka nohona ʻoluʻolu, nā kula, a me nā hale pule, a me ka hāpai ʻia ʻana o kahi lāhui kanaka i kūlana kiʻekiʻe no ka nohona kanaka Kalikiano.”
I loko nō o ka hoʻopakele ʻia ʻana o ko Ჹɲʻ mau keiki ʻŌiwi i ka hana ʻino a me ka hoʻomake nui i holo akula ma ʻAmelika, wehewehe aku ka noiʻi i nā hana he nui e koi ʻia ai lākou e waiho i ko lākou mau ʻāina, ka ʻōlelo, a me ka moʻomeheu i nā malihini e makeʻe i ka hoʻopuka kālā mai nā mokupuni mai.
Ma ke kula ʻo Hilo Boarding School, ua koi ʻia nā keikikāne i ka hana lima a me ka hahai ʻana i ka nohona pūʻali koa ʻoʻoleʻa no ka paʻa lole makalike, nā paikau, a me nā pū laipala.
ʻO Kamehameha III a me ke aliʻiwahine ʻo Bernice Pauahi Bishop i hoʻokumu i ke Kula ʻo Kamehameha, ua hoʻāʻo lāua e hoʻopakele i ka moʻomeheu ma o ka haku ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻonaʻauao hou, akā ua ālai ʻia kēlā mau hana e ka hoʻokahuli aupuni a me ka hoʻohui ʻāina ʻia o nā mokupuni, a ʻo ka pāpā ʻia akula nō ia o ka ʻōlelo Ჹɲʻ ma nā kula aupuni no nā kekeke he nui.
“ʻO nā mea i holo akula ma Ჹɲʻ, he mea nō ia e kūʻokoʻa i nā mea i holo akula ma ka ʻāina haole, a he ʻoiaʻiʻo moʻolelo maoli nō ia,” wahi a Osorio. “ʻAʻole kēlā he mea e ʻoi aku ai nā mea i holo akula ma ʻaneʻi. He mea e hōʻemi ʻia ai ka nui o ka hana ʻino ʻana i ke kino.”
ʻO ke Kenekoa ʻAmelika ʻo Brian Schatz, ʻo ia ka luna o ka Indian Affairs Committee, a ʻaʻole i hiki iā ia ke nīnauele ʻia no ke kūkākūkā ʻana i kā ka Interior Department hōʻike.
Ma kahi ʻaha hoʻolaha nūhou me ko ʻĀlaka Kenekoa ʻo Lisa Murkowski, ʻo ia ka Repubalika kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma ke kōmike, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia, he ʻiʻini kona e mālama i nā hālāwai e hoʻoponopono i nā mea āna i kapa aku ai he “hoʻoilina hilahila” a he “hana ʻino nui loa.”
“Ua ʻike loa nā kaiāulu Kanaka Maoli ma o ke aupuni, ua alakaʻi pololei nā kulekele ʻAmelika i ka hoʻokemua hewa ʻana, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻohana ʻana, a me ka hoʻomake ʻana i nā keiki ʻŌiwi ma o nā kula hānai ʻInikia pekelala,” wahi āna.
ʻO ka Honolulu City Councilwoman ʻo Esther Kiaʻāina, he Kanaka Maoli ʻo ia i lawelawe akula ma kahi kūlana i hoʻonoho ʻia ma loko o ka Interior Department ma lalo o ka Pelekikena ʻo Barack Obama, ua ʻōlelo akula ʻo ia, hauʻoli ʻo ia i ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka Ჹɲʻ ma kēia noiʻi kūikawā.
Pēia pū naʻe me kā Osorio, ua ʻōlelo hoʻi ʻo ia, he koʻikoʻi ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka pōpilikia i ʻalo ʻie e kona lāhui a me ko nā mea ma ka ʻāina haole.
“ʻO nā mea i hana ʻia i ko kākou mau pōkiʻi ma ka ʻāina haole, he mea ʻinoʻino nō ia a hāloʻiloʻi ka waimaka no lākou,” wahi a Kiaʻāina. “He pono ko ke aupuni pekelala e hoʻoponopono i kēlā māhele kikoʻī o ka moʻolelo a me ka hoʻoilina o laila.”
He pono ka hoʻoponopono ʻana no nā Kānaka Maoli kekahi, wahi āna, a lana kona manaʻo, e hana ana ka Pelekikena ʻo Joe Biden a me kāna papa luna hoʻokele e hoʻokō ʻia ai kēlā.
“Ma hea kākou e kū nei?” wahi a Kiaʻāina. “Pehea ana kākou e hoʻoikaika aku ai i ka pilina o ke aupuni pekelala me nā Kānaka Maoli?”
Ua kākoʻo ʻia kēia papahana e ka ʻOhana o Harry Nathaniel, Levani Lipton, ka ʻOhana Mar, a me Lisa Kleissner.
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About the Author
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Nick Grube is a reporter for Civil Beat. You can reach him by email at nick@civilbeat.org or follow him on Twitter at . You can also reach him by phone at 808-377-0246.