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Kā ka luna hoʻoponopono nota: Unuhi ʻia na N. Haʻalilio Solomon.��Click here to read this article in English.��

ʻAnoʻai paha ka lilo ʻana o ke keiki makua ʻole, Kepanī-ʻAmelika kona lāhui, he mea makamae a ʻike loa hoʻi ʻo ia i ka ʻōlelo a me nā loina Hawaiʻi.

I ia wā, he kaikamahine hoʻi ia, ʻo Patience “Pat” Nāmaka Wiggin Bacon, ka hānai a Mary Kawena Pukui, i komo pū me kona makuahine hānai i nā makahiki 1930 no ka ʻohiʻohi a hoʻokoe ʻana mai i ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi a me nā ʻano manaʻo kuʻuna, i ka wā ʻuʻuku loa o ka poʻe i hoihoi a mālama i ia ʻano mea.

Me ia ʻimi noiʻi ʻana i kīpapa ʻia ai ke kahua no ka ʻōlelo a me ka ʻike, kahi i kupu aʻe ai ke aukahi hoʻōla mea Hawaiʻi ma nā��makahiki 1970.

Wahi a Nathan Nāpōkā, he kākau moʻolelo a kākau puke, i ʻōlelo ai i ka Poʻaono iho nei ma ka nīnauele kelepona, ua pili loa ka makuahine a me ke kaikamahine, ʻaʻohe wā e kaʻawale ai, ʻo kekahi o nā paʻa ʻoi loa ma ka hana pū ʻana no ka pono o ka ʻike Hawaiʻi o ke kenekulia iwakālua; kākoʻo aku kākoʻo mai hoʻi lāua a lāua ma nā mea o ka naʻau a me ka naʻauao.

Ua haʻalele ʻo Bacon i kēia ola ʻana i kona makahiki 100 i ka lā 23 o Ianuali, ʻaʻole nō i hoʻolaha loa ʻia kona hala ʻana, koe naʻe kekahi ʻōlelo hoʻomanaʻo i uku ʻia e kona hoaaloha ʻo Kaʻupena Wong i puka mai i ka Poʻalima nei i Honolulu Star-Advertiser.

Mālie kona lawelawe ʻana i ka hana, ʻaʻole hoʻi paha i ke alo o ka lehulehu, ua kōkua ʻo Bacon iā Pukui i ka hana ʻana i kāna mau puke hanohano, ʻo ia hoʻi ka “Hawaiian Dictionary, Hawaiian-English, English-Hawaiian,” i kākau pū ʻia me Samuel H. Elbert; “Place Names of Hawaiʻi”, i kākau pū ʻia me Elbert me Esther T. Moʻokini; pau pū me “ʻŌlelo Noʻeau: Hawaiian Proverbs and Poetical Sayings.”

He mau hola kona noho ʻana ma loko o kona keʻena ʻuʻuku ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Bīhopa, ua palapala a unuhi mai ʻo Bacon i nā moʻolelo haʻiwaha i ka ʻōlelo Haole a Pukui i ʻoki leo ai me nā kūpuna Hawaiʻi, na lākou i haʻi moʻolelo mai no ko lākou ola ʻana i ka hopena o ke kenekulia ʻumikumamāiwa a komo i ka iwakālua.

“E ʻole ʻo ʻAnakē Pat Bacon, loaʻa aku ai ʻo Kawena Pukui; kālele aku kālele mai lāua me ke kōkua nui o kekahi i kekahi,” wahi a Nāpōkā.

Ma kēia ala i alakaʻi ʻia ai ko Bacon ola ʻana i kona wā i lawe hānai ʻia ai e ka ʻohana o Mary Kawena Pukui, ʻewalu wale nō ona pule i ia manawa.

Na ka Hawaiian Humane Society i hoʻokele ka lawe hānai ʻia ʻana o kēia Kepanī, he keiki i luna ke alo, ma hope o ka hala ʻana o kona lūauʻi makuahine ma kona wā i hānau keiki ai ma Waimea, Kauaʻi, i ka makahiki 1920, a me kona lūauʻi makuakāne, he mahi kō, i hiki ʻole ke mālama i ia keiki a me kāna mau keiki ʻē aʻe he ʻehā.

Ma kekahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni kāmoʻo pili i kona ola ʻana, ʻo “Through Nāmaka’s Eyes: The Life of Patience Bacon,” hoʻomāmā ʻo Bacon i ke kaumaha o kona hānau ʻia ʻana.

��“I ia mau lā, ua mālama ka Hawaiian Humane Society i nā keiki a me nā holoholona ʻāhiu. Me kēlā nō, no laila au i hoʻohui ʻia aku ai a kau pū me nā lio, pipi, ʻīlio, a pōpoki hoʻi,” i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia.

Mai ka wā i hoʻokumu mua ʻia ai i ka makahiki 1883, no ka Hawaiian Humane Society ke kuleana ʻo ka hoʻopakele nā holoholona a hoʻomalu keiki, me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka lawe hānai ʻia o nā keiki makua ʻole a i haʻalele a hana ʻino ʻia paha. Ma muli o lākou i loaʻa ai he mau kōkua nui loa i loko o ka nele o ia wā, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hoʻolako mai ko Hawaiʻi aupuni i ia ʻano lawelawe.

I ka makahiki 1935, ua hoʻolilo akula ka Hawaiian Humane Society i kona kuleana ʻo ka hoʻomalu keiki i ka ʻahahui i hoʻokumu ʻia aʻe nei, ʻo ka Children’s Service Association, he ʻahahui mākaukau loa i ka lawelawe aʻe i nā kuleana no nā kamaliʻi a ʻohana hoʻi.

I kinohi, he manaʻo kūʻē ko ke kāne a Mary Kawena Pukui i ka lawe hānai i ia keiki, no ka mea he Kepanī, no laila ua lilo aʻela ka lūauʻi makuahine a makuakāne hoʻi o Pukui, ʻo lāua nā mākua hānai, a liʻuliʻu aku ua ili nō nā kuleana hānai keiki iā Mary Pukui.

I mea e kapa ai i ka inoa o ke keiki, ua kūkā pū ʻo Pukui me ona mau mākua kekahi me kekahi e hea aku ai i mau inoa ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi a ʻōlelo Haole hoʻi, ʻaʻole naʻe i hōʻike ʻia ka lāhui Kepanī o ke keiki ma ia mau inoa.��

Ua wae aku ka makua kāne o Pukui, he haole ia no Salem, Mass., i ka inoa mua o ke keiki, ʻo Patience, he inoa laha ia no ka poʻe kaikamāhine i ia wā ma ʻEnelani Hou.

Ua kapa ʻia kekahi inoa e Mary Pukui, ʻo Elmay, he hoʻohuihui i kona inoa iho me ka inoa o kekahi hoahānau punahele ona, ʻo Elmyra, me Mary, a na kona makuahine, he Hawaiʻi koko piha, i kapa i ka inoa Hawaiʻi, ʻo Paʻahana.

Ua kapa ʻia aʻela nō ka inoa o ke kaikamahine Kepanī ʻuʻuku, ʻo Patience Elmay Nāmakauahoaokawenaʻulaokalaniikikikalaninui Wiggin. Ua hea mau ʻia ʻo ia ma ka inoa ʻo Pat, a hoʻopōkole ʻia auaneʻi kona inoa Hawaiʻi, ʻo Nāmaka.

I kona wā��makua oʻo, ua hoʻololi ʻo ia i kona inoa hope, ʻo Wiggin ma mua, ʻo Bacon ke kū nei, ma kona male ʻana i ka mea paʻi kiʻi, ʻo George Bacon kona inoa.

Mai ka minuke hoʻi i komo mua ai ke keiki, ʻo Pat, i loko o ke kauhale o Wiggin-Pukui mā, aia nō ma ke Alanui Birch ma kahi e kokoke aku ana i ka hale kahiko ʻo ke Civic Auditorium, ʻo kona hoʻopuni ʻia aʻela nō ia i kekahi wao i mālama nui ʻia ai nā��loina Hawaiʻi, he ʻekolu hoʻi hanauna wahine i walaʻau aʻe no kekahi mana o ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi o ke au ma mua, i nui hoʻi kona mau manaʻo kaona, i ʻokoʻa hoʻi i ke ʻano o ka ʻōlelo o kēia mau lā e aʻo ʻia nei ma nā kula he nui.

I kona makahiki ʻehā i aʻo mua ʻia ai ʻo Pat i ka hula. I ka piha ʻana iā��ia o ka makahiki 14, ua aʻo pono ʻia ʻo ia i ka hula e Keahi Luahine, ʻo ia ka makuahine o ka ʻōlapa hula kaulana loa, ʻo ʻIolani Luahine.

Ua kau inoa ʻo Pukui iā lāua iho ʻelua no ke aʻo ʻia ʻana i ka hula ma lalo o Keahi Luahine i mea e hiki ai iā lāua ke aʻo a kāmoʻo hoʻi i nā oli a kuhi lima ʻana o ke au kahiko ma mua o ka nalowale ʻana, ʻoiai ʻo ka wā ia i hoʻomaka ai kēlā��ʻano ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻia ʻana o ka hula a mele hoʻi e like me ka makemake o ka poʻe malihini kipa.

“He makuahine a he mea hilinaʻi ʻia hoʻi ʻo ia no nā poʻe a pau.” — Patrick Vinton Kirch

ʻO ka hula ʻana nō ia o Pat ʻoiai e hana pū ana ʻo Pukui me ia, e paʻanaʻau ana i nā oli a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana e like me ke ʻano kahiko, a ma hope mai hoʻi, ua palapala auaneʻi i nā ʻike a pau i mea e koe mai ai no nā hanauna o mua aʻe.

I kinohi, ʻo ʻIolani Luahine, he ʻōlapa no ke alo aliʻi o ka Mōʻī Kalākaua, ʻaʻole ia i makemake e aʻo aku i ia ʻōpiopio ʻoiai he Kepanī ʻo ia. Wahi a Bacon i ʻōlelo ai ma ia kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, i ka nānā��ʻana mai o Luahine iā ia i ka hula ʻana, “Aloha ʻino kuʻu wahi kaikamahine Kepanī, hulahula nō me he keko lā i nākiʻi ʻia i ke kaula.”

Ma hope mai, ua kau inoa ʻo Pukui lāua ʻo Bacon e aʻo hou ʻia i ka hula kahiko ma lalo o Joseph ʻĪlālāʻole, he ʻōlapa hula no Kaʻū, Hawaiʻi, i hula aku nō i mua o ke alo o nā aliʻi.

Ma hope o ko lāua aʻo ʻia ʻana e ʻĪlālāʻole i ka makahiki 1938, ua wehe ʻo Pukui me Bacon i ka ʻīpuka o ko lāua hale Alanui Birch a hāmama hoʻi i nā mea e manaʻo ana e aʻo i ka hula kahiko, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea he nui i aʻo i ka hula i nā kamaliʻi a mākua hoʻi ma ka papahana ma lalo o ko ke kūlanakauhale Keʻena Pāka a Hana Hoʻonanea.

Wahi a ka Hula Preservation Society ma ko lākou ʻaoʻao Facebook, ʻo ka ʻike i hoʻoili ʻia mai e ia mau wāhine ʻelua, ʻo ia ka “ʻike e ola mau nei a hiki i kēia lā i hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia, he ʻike piha i ka hula kahiko.”

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia e Mary Kawena “Dodie” Browne, kā Bacon keiki hoʻokahi, “Ua haʻaheo ʻiʻo au i ka hoʻoikaika loa ʻana o koʻu makuahine no ka pono o ka hula ma ke ʻano i aʻo ʻia ai ʻo ia, i loko o kona hoʻohuli nui loa ʻia ʻana, a lilo hoʻi i mea hoʻokīkahakaha ma nā hoʻokūkū a hana hōʻikeʻike mea nani.”

Ua kūlia hoʻoikaika nui kona makuahine i ka mālama i ke ʻano ʻoiaʻiʻo o ia ʻike, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea e mau mai nei ma o kona mau haumāna he nui, i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Browne i ka Poʻaono nei ma ka nīnauele.

Ma waho aʻe o ka hula, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ʻo Bacon e kona lawelawe hana ʻana ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Bīhopa, kahi ona i haele mua ai i kona wā liʻiliʻi me Pukui, e pāʻani pū ana me nā keiki o nā limahana ʻē aʻe ʻoiai ʻo Pukui e hana ana.

Ma hope mai, i kona mau makahiki he limahana no ka hale hōʻikeʻike, ua pālua aʻela nō kāna hana ʻana, ʻo ka palapala a unuhi ʻana mai ka ‘ōlelo Hawaiʻi a ka Haole i nā nīnauele he mau haneli a kona makuahine i hana ai i nā makahiki lōʻihi ma mua aku o kona hala ʻana i ka makahiki 1986.

Ua ʻōlelo mai ʻo Nāpōkā, ua hiki iā Bacon ke hoʻomaopopo i nā hunahuna a mea liʻiliʻi hoʻi o nā nīnauele a nā kūpuna no ka mea ua like ko��lākou ʻōlelo me kona, he mana o ka ʻōlelo i kū i ka wā i hala.

“Nui nā ʻōpiopio i hele a kipa iā Pat e kōkua ai iā ia i ka hana unuhi, ʻo ka pau koke o lākou i ka haʻalele i ka hana ma muli o ka hoʻohoka ʻia iho o lākou i ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo i nā manaʻo hunahuna o ka ʻōlelo kahiko.”

He hoanoho ʻo Nāpōkā no Bacon no nā makahiki he iwakālua, na lāua i hoʻoponopono pū iā “Nā Mele Welo: Songs of Our Heritage,” he ʻohina mele a oli kahiko i ʻohiʻohi ʻia e Pukui.

ʻŌlelo ʻo Patrick Vinton Kirch, he mea hulikoehana a kākau puke, no kona launa mua ʻana iā Bacon i kona wā ‘ōpio ma kona ʻano ʻaʻa no ke keʻena kālaipūpū o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Bīhopa, me ka māʻalo mau ʻana iā ia i nā makahiki ma hope mai ʻoiai ʻo ia e hana ana ma ka hale hōʻikeʻike.

“He makuahine a he mea hilinaʻi ʻia hoʻi ʻo ia no nā poʻe a pau,” wahi āna i ʻōlelo ai ma ka nīnauele kelepona.

Ke polopeka welo ʻo Kirch no ke Kulanui o Kaleponi ma Berkeley e aʻo nei i kēia wā ma ke Keʻena Hulikanaka ma ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi ma Mānoa. ʻŌlelo ʻo ia, he kumu alakaʻi ʻo Bacon āna e ʻōlelo ai i kona mau haumāna, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kanaka me nā mea piliʻili.

“He wahine lahilahi kēia, koko Kepanī, wali iā��ia ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi, i hānai ʻia hoʻi e ka ʻohana Hawaiʻi, he laeʻula i ka ʻike Hawaiʻi, a he ʻōlapa no ka hula o ka wā kahiko. Hoʻomanaʻo aʻela au i kona wā i ʻōlelo mai ai iaʻu, ma ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi kona noʻonoʻo, ʻaʻole ma ka ʻōlelo Haole,” wahi āna i ʻōlelo ai.

A hiki i kona hoʻomaha loa ʻana i ka hana i ka makahiki 2010, ua hoʻonui ʻo Bacon i ka pono koʻikoʻi e hoʻomau ʻia kona palapala a unuhi ʻana i nā nīnauele a Pukui i hana ai, i loko naʻe o ka mehameha a paʻakikī o ia ʻano hana. “ʻO kaʻu e hana nei, he pau ʻole loa,” wahi āna i ʻōlelo ai ma ka nīnauele nūpepa.

I loko naʻe o kona ʻano kūoʻo, ʻōlelo maila kona mau hoaaloha, ua hele koke aʻela nō ʻo ia i ka ʻaoʻao o ka leʻaleʻa. I kaʻu nīele ʻana iā Dodie, kāna kaikamahine, inā paha e mālama ana ʻo ia he ʻaha nui hoʻolauleʻa hoʻohanohano no ke ola o kona makuahine ke hala kēia wā o ka maʻi ahulau, ua pane maila ia, “Ma mua o kona hala ʻana, nīnau akula au iā ia no ia mea, ʻo kona pane maila ia, ‘ʻAʻole pono. ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke komo pū. Ua make ʻē nō au.’”

Ua kākoʻo ʻia kēia papahana e ko Harry Nathaniel ʻOhana, Levani Lipton, lāua ʻo Lisa Kleissner.